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Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence, which exist in time. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greek 'mousike' means "art of the Muses". In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosopher defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies.  Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound."

The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Indeed, throughout history, some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as "not being music", including Beethoven's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825, early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s. There are many types of music, including popular music, traditional music, art music, music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions–such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s, through to spontaneously played  improvisational music such as jazz, and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries.

Music can be divided into genres (e.g., country music) and genres can be further divided into subgenres (e.g., country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres), although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to personal interpretation, and occasionally controversial. For example, it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal. Within the arts, music may be classified as a performing art, a fine art or as an auditory art. Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance, heard live as part of a dramatic work (a music theater show or opera), or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio, MP3 player, CD player, Smartphone or as film score or TV show.

In many cultures, music is an important part of people's way of life, as it plays a key role in religious rituals, rite of passage ceremonies (e.g., graduation and marriage), social activities (e.g., dancing) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir. People may make music as a hobby, like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra, or working as a professional musician or singer. The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces (such as songwriters and composers), individuals who perform music (which include orchestra, jazz band and rock band musicians, singers and conductors), individuals who record music (music producers and sound engineers), individuals who organize concert tours, and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers.

 

                 Types of Music in India

India is a country known for its unity in diversity. The country has twenty eight states and each one has its own mother tongue, religion, culture and tradition but the music is the one thing which makes all the country together. However, there are many types of music in the country. Music is the soul of the nature; it may be present everywhere in the crackling of trees, in the sound of birds, in the flow of river etc.

Indian Music

The music of India is said to be one of the oldest unbroken musical tradition of the world. The origin of Indian music goes back to the Vedas. Many different legends have grown up on the developing the Indian music.

Types of Indian Music:

Indian music is divided into three main categories

Indian classical music

Folk music                   

Modern music

Indian classical music

It is one of the most complex and complete music system ever developed. It is broadly divided into two main stream, one is the north Indian tradition known as Hindustani music and another is the Carnatic music which belonging to the South Indian traditions. Indian classic music is monophonic in nature and the performance is based melodically on particular ragas and rhythmically on talls.

Folk music

Rajasthan folk music It consist the music according to the state and regions. Some of them are:

God Only Knows Check out this a cappella cover of The Beach Boys classic song. Nicholas Wells

Bhangra music-It is a lively form of folk music and originated from the land of Punjab. It is performed with one person playing the dhol drum and another is flute, dholak drum and other musical instrument.

Dandiya music-It is a type of music generally performed in the state of Gujarat. The present musical style is derived from the traditional musical accompaniment to the folk dance.

Haryanavi music-The folk Music of Haryana has been spread by the Bhats, Saangis and Jogis. It is

sung and played in the state of Haryana, parts of western UP and neighboring districts of Rajasthan and Punjab. The tradition of music in Haryana goes back to the Vedic times, and it is the only state in India to have towns and villages named after different ragas.

Qwallis music-They are the tradition form of Islamic songs and closely linked to the spiritual and artistic life of Northern India. It is also linked to the Sufi tradition and performed with one or two lead singers with several musical instruments like harmonium, tabla, dholak etc.

Gazal music-It is a type of music with a short poem with a series of couplets. Each couplet is an

independent poem.

Rabindra sangeet-It refers a complete range of songs written by Rabindranath Tagore. Many elements of Indian classical music used in Rabindra sangeet to make it effective. Many singers in West Bengal and Bangladesh base their entire careers on the singing of Tagore musical masterpieces. The national anthem of India and national song of Bangladesh are the example of Rabindra Sangeets.music-It is one of the most popular forms of music in India. The essence of Rajasthani music is derived from the creative symphony of string instruments, percussion instruments and wind instruments accompanied by melodious renditions of folk singers. It enjoys a respectable presence in Bollywood music as well.

Modern music:

Indi-pop-Indian pop music, often known as Indi-pop. It is based on an amalgamation of Indian and classical music, and modern beats from different parts of the world.